Chiari Malformation

Chiari malformation refers to an abnormality in the cerebellum, the part of the brain that controls balance. When the indented bony space at the lower rear of the skull is smaller than normal, the cerebellum and brainstem can be pushed downward and protrude through the foramen magnum (the opening at the base of the skull through which the spinal cord passes). The resulting pressure on the cerebellum and the spinal cord can block the flow of cerebrospinal fluid (the liquid that surrounds and protects the brain and spinal cord) and can cause a range of symptoms including headache, dizziness, muscle weakness, numbness, vision problems, spasticity, swallowing difficulties, and problems with balance and coordination.